He elaborated a metaphysics that was, at bottom, a reaction to Spinoza and collapses into Spinozism, as Stewart deftly shows. Leibniz, on the other hand, spent the rest of his life championing God and theocracy like a defense lawyer defending a client he knows is guilty. Seeing the orthodox God as a "prop for theocratic tyranny," he articulated the basic theory for the modern secular state. an apostate Jew from licentious Holland." A prodigious polymath, Leibniz understood Spinoza's insight that "science was in the process of rendering the God of revelation obsolete that it had already undermined the special place of the human individual in nature." Spinoza embraced this new world. an orthodox Lutheran from conservative Germany," journeyed to The Hague to visit the self-sufficient, freethinking Spinoza, "a double exile. In November 1676, the foppish courtier Leibniz, "the ultimate insider. Stewart affirms this maxim in his colorful reinterpretation of the lives and works of 17th-century philosophers Spinoza and Leibniz. a personal confession of its creator and a kind of involuntary and unperceived memoir.". According to Nietzsche, "Every great philosophy is.
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